Xtrant (Estramustine) is a chemotherapy medication primarily used in the treatment of prostate cancer. It combines the properties of an alkylating agent and estrogen, interfering with cancer cell growth and division. 

Uses

1. Treatment of metastatic or advanced prostate cancer.
2. Palliative therapy to manage symptoms of prostate cancer.

Estramustine is a nitrogen mustard-carbamate derivative that binds to microtubule-associated proteins in cells. This disrupts microtubule function, inhibiting cell division and leading to cancer cell death. Its estrogen component also suppresses testosterone production, slowing the growth of hormone-sensitive cancer cells.

Dosage and Administration

• Typical Dose: 14 mg/kg/day in divided doses, taken orally with water.
• Take on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
• Dosage may vary based on the patient's condition and response to treatment.

Side Effects

• Common: Nausea, diarrhea, gynecomastia (enlargement of male breast tissue), fatigue.
• Serious: Blood clots, liver dysfunction, fluid retention, and cardiovascular issues.

Precautions

1. Pregnancy: Not recommended for use in women; harmful to fetuses.
2. Blood Clot Risk: Use cautiously in patients with a history of thromboembolic events.
3. Cardiovascular Health: Monitor for heart-related side effects, especially in patients with preexisting conditions.
4. Drug Interactions: Avoid concurrent use with anticoagulants and certain antineoplastic agents.

Storage
Store at room temperature (15–30°C), away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep out of reach of children.