Merinethol (Mercaptopurine) is an antimetabolite chemotherapy medication used primarily for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It works by interfering with DNA and RNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells.

Uses

1. Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

2. Maintenance therapy for leukemia

3. Sometimes used for chronic myeloid leukemia and Crohn's disease (off-label)

Mechanism of Action

Mercaptopurine is incorporated into DNA and RNA, leading to faulty nucleic acids that inhibit cancer cell proliferation and cause cell death.

Dosage

• Adults and Children: Typically 1.5 to 2.5 mg/kg once daily.

• Dosage may be adjusted based on individual patient response and blood count monitoring.

Onset and Duration of Action

• Onset of Action: Variable, depends on the patient's condition.

• Duration of Action: Continuous with daily dosing.

Side Effects

• Bone marrow suppression

• Nausea and vomiting

• Liver toxicity

• Loss of appetite

• Increased susceptibility to infection

Precautions

1. Regular blood tests are essential to monitor white blood cell and platelet levels.

2. Avoid live vaccines.

3. Use effective contraception during treatment.

4. Inform your doctor about liver issues, pregnancy, or breastfeeding.

Storage

• Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat.