Platin, containing the active ingredient Cisplatin, is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug used in cancer treatment. It works by interfering with DNA replication, leading to cancer cell death. Cisplatin is considered a cornerstone in the management of various malignancies. Cisplatin forms platinum-DNA adducts, which inhibit DNA synthesis and transcription. This ultimately results in apoptosis (programmed cell death) of rapidly dividing cancer cells. 

Uses

• Testicular cancer

• Ovarian cancer

• Bladder cancer

• Head and neck cancers

• Lung cancer (non-small cell and small cell)

• Cervical cancer (in combination with radiation therapy)

Dosage and Administration

• Formulation: Injectable solution for intravenous infusion

• Dosage: Depends on the type of cancer, patient condition, and treatment regimen. Commonly, 50-100 mg/m² every 3-4 weeks in combination therapy.

• Administration: Intravenous infusion with adequate hydration to prevent nephrotoxicity.

Onset and Duration of Action

• Onset of Action: Effects on cancer cells begin within hours of administration.

• Duration of Action: Remains active for several hours; however, the therapeutic impact persists due to DNA damage in cancer cells.

Side Effects
Common side effects:

• Nausea and vomiting (severe)

• Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage)

• Ototoxicity (hearing loss)

• Myelosuppression (reduced blood cell production)

• Electrolyte imbalances (hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia)

• Peripheral neuropathy

Precautions

• Monitor renal function before and after therapy.

• Ensure adequate hydration and diuresis to reduce nephrotoxicity risk.

• Use with caution in patients with hearing impairment.

• Avoid in patients with pre-existing severe kidney or liver dysfunction.

• Monitor complete blood counts during treatment.

Contraindications

• Severe kidney impairment

• Known hypersensitivity to cisplatin or other platinum-containing compounds

• Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Drug Interactions

• Concurrent use with nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides, amphotericin B) increases nephrotoxicity risk.

• Enhanced ototoxic effects with loop diuretics.

• May interact with anticoagulants, requiring close monitoring.

Storage- Store at a temperature between 15-25°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze.