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People often take multi vitamins to improve their health and overcome nutritional deficiencies. People often buy multivitamins without a doctor's prescription and believe them to be safe. Although no major side effects have been reported from taking multivitamins, multivitamins are not risk-free. This article will tell you everything about the disadvantages of multi vitamins so that you can stay safe next time.
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Our body needs to consume at least 13 vitamins and 16 minerals on a regular basis to function properly. A balanced diet is the best way to get these nutrients. Multivitamins are a good alternative source for people who cannot meet their nutrient requirements through diet alone.
Multivitamins are generally considered safe and often free of side effects, as long as you take them as directed. But some people still experience some side effects when taking multivitamins.
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Common side effects of multivitamins are more likely than others. These include:
nausea
These gut-related side effects are usually minor and often temporary. They disappear as soon as your body gets used to taking the multivitamin. Still, if your symptoms persist, contact your doctor.
Rare side effects of multivitamins include:
These symptoms are usually rare and occur only if your daily multivitamin dosage is high. People who combine multivitamins with other supplements or eat too many fortified foods may have excess amounts of certain nutrients. This may increase their risk of side effects.
Some people may also experience severe allergies to some multivitamins, although this is very rare.
If you notice hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face, tongue, lips, or throat after taking a multivitamin, seek emergency medical help immediately.
Side effects in children are similar to those in adults. However, children are still likely to have side effects at much lower doses than adults.
In other words, children who take multivitamins may be at risk of consuming excessively high levels of nutrients, which can lead to nutrient overdose and, in severe cases, even death. Children can especially be harmed by vitamin A, folic acid and zinc. Giving iron-rich multivitamins to children when they do not need them can also result in iron overload.
To reduce the risk of side effects or overdose, be sure to consult a doctor before giving your child a multivitamin.
The National Institutes of Health claims that multivitamins that provide nutrient levels close to the DRI should not cause serious side effects. A multivitamin containing more nutrients than its label may cause harm. Some people have this belief that the more nutrients you consume, the better the health effects. Megadoses of some nutrients may not be particularly harmful, but extremely high doses of some other nutrients can seriously harm health.
Multivitamins typically contain three categories of nutrients:
Excessive intake of water-soluble vitamins does not generally cause serious side effects, even if the intake is close to the UL. This is because your body flushes out excess amounts of these vitamins through urine. Nevertheless, consuming several times more than the recommended dose may result in a number of problems such as excessive consumption of Vitamin C may lead to cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting or migraine.
Consuming excess vitamin B3, also known as niacin, can cause stomach pain, high blood pressure, vision problems, and liver damage.
Skin lesions, photosensitivity, heartburn, and nerve problems have been seen at high doses of vitamin B6.
Finally, excess intake of vitamin B9, also known as folic acid, can weaken the immune system, cause neurological problems and lead to severe vitamin B12 deficiency.
Multivitamins that provide large amounts of fat-soluble vitamins can be harmful, as excess levels of these vitamins can build up in the body. For example, excessive intake of vitamin A can cause headaches, liver damage, weak bones, and birth defects.
Taking too much vitamin D can cause nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness, cognitive problems, heart problems, kidney failure, and even death in severe cases.
Additionally, excess amounts of vitamin E may result in bleeding, diarrhea, weakness, blurred vision, and reproductive problems. Vitamin K may interact with various medications, including antibiotics and blood thinners.
Like fat-soluble vitamins, minerals can accumulate in the body if you take them in excess, potentially causing harmful effects.
For example, extremely high intakes of certain minerals such as iron, copper, magnesium and zinc can cause stomach upset, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain and headache.
Excess iron intake is particularly harmful because it can also lead to liver problems. For this reason, doctors recommend it to adult men and menopausal women.
Multivitamins with high levels of iron, copper and zinc may also prevent the body from absorbing other nutrients you consume.
Multivitamins containing too much iodine can cause thyroid problems. On the other hand, people with too much selenium may have garlic-like breath, hair loss, brittle nails, or a metallic taste in the mouth. Selenium intake above the UL can cause serious neurological symptoms, kidney failure, and even cardiovascular problems.
Each nutrient has a UL at which scientists believe it becomes toxic. Exceeding the UL of a nutrient can lead to overdose and serious side effects, such as liver damage and even death.
Multivitamins may also be contaminated with harmful compounds such as arsenic or lead. When you swallow these harmful compounds in large amounts or over a long period of time, they can cause a variety of health problems, including physical, muscle, and neurological problems, as well as birth defects. It is impossible to identify whether a multivitamin contains these harmful compounds just by looking at its label.
Multivitamins may be helpful for people who cannot meet their daily nutrient needs through diet alone. However, multivitamins cannot replace a balanced diet, and taking them in excess can cause side effects ranging from stomach upset to serious liver and heart problems.
Take a multivitamin only when you need it and consult your doctor before taking it.
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