Malimide, with the active ingredient Cyclophosphamide, is an alkylating agent used primarily in cancer treatment and as an immunosuppressive drug. It works by damaging DNA in rapidly dividing cells, leading to their death. Cyclophosphamide is highly versatile and is used in oncology and autoimmune disease management. 

Uses

Cancers:

• Breast cancer
• Ovarian cancer
• Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Multiple myeloma
• Leukemia
• Small cell lung cancer

Autoimmune diseases:

• Severe rheumatoid arthritis
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Nephrotic syndrome

Cyclophosphamide is a prodrug converted in the liver to its active form. It cross-links DNA strands, inhibiting DNA replication and transcription, leading to cell death, particularly in rapidly dividing cells like cancer and immune cells.

Onset and Duration of Action

• Onset of Action: Therapeutic effects are seen within days to weeks, depending on the condition.
• Duration of Action: Effects can persist for weeks to months after discontinuation due to its impact on cell cycles.