Tegonat capsule is a combination chemotherapy medication containing the active ingredients Tegafur, Gimeracil, and Oteracil. It is primarily used in the treatment of various cancers, including gastric (stomach), colorectal, breast, and pancreatic cancers. This medication works by inhibiting the growth and division of cancer cells, thereby preventing their spread. Tegonat capsule is an effective chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of various cancers. Patients should adhere strictly to their healthcare provider's instructions and report any adverse effects or concerns promptly. Regular monitoring and open communication with the healthcare team are essential to ensure the safe and effective use of this medication.

Composition and Mechanism of Action

• Tegafur: A prodrug that is converted into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the body. 5-FU interferes with the synthesis and function of DNA and RNA in cancer cells, inhibiting their growth.

• Gimeracil: Inhibits the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), which is responsible for the breakdown of 5-FU. This inhibition increases the concentration of 5-FU in the body, enhancing its anticancer effects.

• Oteracil: Reduces the gastrointestinal toxicity of 5-FU by inhibiting its activation in the digestive tract, thereby minimizing side effects like diarrhea and mucositis.

Dosage and Administration

Tegonat Capsule is available in different strengths, such as 15 mg and 20 mg. The specific dosage and treatment regimen depend on factors like the type and stage of cancer, patient’s body surface area, and overall health condition. It is typically taken orally, with or without food, and the capsules should be swallowed whole without crushing or chewing. Patients are advised to follow their healthcare provider's instructions carefully.

Potential Side Effects

Common side effects may include:

• Nausea and vomiting

• Diarrhea

• Loss of appetite

• Fatigue

• Mouth sores

• Skin rash

• Changes in taste

• Abdominal pain

• Constipation

• Headache

Serious side effects can occur and require immediate medical attention:

• Signs of infection (e.g., fever, chills, sore throat)

• Unusual bleeding or bruising

• Shortness of breath

• Chest pain

• Irregular heartbeat

• Seizures

• Allergic reactions (e.g., swelling of the face, difficulty breathing)

• Liver problems (e.g., yellowing of the skin or eyes)

• Kidney problems (e.g., changes in urine output)

Precautions and Warnings

• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Unsafe during pregnancy as it can harm the developing fetus. Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during treatment and for at least six months after the last dose. It is unknown whether this medication is excreted into human breast milk; therefore, breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before taking it.

• Pre-existing Conditions: Inform your healthcare provider if you have severe blood disorders, kidney disorders, liver impairment, or known DPD deficiency.

• Allergies: This medication contains lactose. Patients with lactose intolerance should inform their physician.

• Infection Risk: Increase the risk of infections, patients should avoid close contact with infected individuals and report any signs of infection promptly.

Drug Interactions

Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Certain medications may interact, potentially reducing its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects.

Storage

• Store at room temperature between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F).

• Keep away from moisture, heat, and light.

• Do not freeze.

• Keep out of reach of children and pets.