Yervoi, also known by its generic name Ipilimumab, is a monoclonal antibody used in cancer immunotherapy. It targets CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated protein 4), a protein receptor that downregulates the immune system. By inhibiting CTLA-4, Yervoi enhances the body’s immune response against cancer cells.

Uses:

• The treatment of advanced melanoma (unresectable or metastatic)

• In combination with nivolumab for renal cell carcinoma and metastatic colorectal cancer

• Some cases of hepatocellular carcinoma

Mechanism of Action
Ipilimumab works by binding to the CTLA-4 receptor on T-cells, preventing its interaction with ligands CD80/CD86. This action enhances T-cell activation and proliferation, boosting the immune response to fight cancer.

Dosage and Administration

• The dosage varies depending on the type and stage of cancer.

• Typically administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion.

• Dosage ranges from 1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, given every 3 to 6 weeks.

• Combination regimens may require different dosing protocols.

Side Effects
Common side effects include:

• Fatigue

• Diarrhea

• Rash

• Itching

• Nausea

Serious side effects may include:

• Immune-mediated reactions affecting organs such as the liver, intestines, or endocrine glands

• Severe skin reactions

Precautions

• Patients should be monitored for immune-related adverse events.

• Liver function, thyroid function, and other baseline organ assessments are necessary before starting treatment.

• Avoid use in patients with severe immune disorders.

Storage and Handling

• Store in a refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C.

• Protect from light and do not freeze.