Painful Sex and Menopause: Causes, Treatments, and Support

The estrogen hormone normally releases natural lubricant. Along with this, estrogen helps in thickening the vaginal lining by developing new cells. At the same time, when a woman goes into menopause, her body gradually starts reducing the production of estrogen. In such a situation, without estrogen, the vaginal lining becomes thin, shrunken and dry. The elasticity of the vagina also starts decreasing. When the tissues inside the vagina become thin and dry, there may be severe pain during sex.

In this situation, burning sensation can also be felt during sex. Not only this, if the inner part of the vagina becomes thinner in menopause, it can also burst during sex and bleeding may occur.

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During sex, it can occur in the outer part of the vagina and the initial inner part. This pain can be felt mainly when there is injury, irritation, infection or swelling in the vagina.

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When there is pain in the inner part of the pelvis, it is called deep pain. The main reasons for this pain during sex can be pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, fibroids, irritable bowel syndrome, constipation and pelvic floor dysfunction.

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Lubricants can be effective in preventing pain during sex. Lubricants come in both liquid and gel forms. They can help reduce vaginal dryness. Lubricants can prevent pain by reducing friction. For this, lubricants can be applied on the female vagina and the male penis before sex. If a woman is currently in perimenopause or the male partner is using a condom, then gel-based lubricants can be good. Oil-based lubricants can damage the condom and reduce its effectiveness.

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Low levels of estrogen are the main cause of painful sex in menopause. Therefore, if someone is experiencing pain while having sex during menopause, then first of all it is necessary to increase the level of estrogen.

Estrogen can be increased through tablets, creams, rings and strings. Estrogen can improve the thickness and elasticity of vaginal tissues. It can also increase blood flow to the vagina. To reduce pain during sex, you can apply estrogen cream on the vagina 2-3 times a week.

Apart from this, a vaginal ring or estring can also be used. This ring can remain in the vagina for about 3 months. Estrogen tablets can be used twice a week. This tablet can be placed in the vagina with the help of an applicator or finger.

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When estrogen cream or insert does not provide pain relief, the doctor may recommend taking estrogen pills. This can increase the amount of estrogen in the body and vagina and can provide relief from pain during sex. Estrogen pills can cause side effects such as headaches, breast tenderness, nausea, weight gain and cancer.

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Ospemifene is a better non-hormonal treatment to get relief from painful sex during menopause. It works like estrogen to thicken the vaginal lining. According to studies, ospemifene can help reduce vaginal dryness and pain. Ospemifene comes in the form of a tablet, which you can take once a day. It should always be taken on the advice of a doctor, as it can increase the risk of blood clots and stroke.

(Read more - Hormone replacement therapy for menopause)

Moisturizer can also help reduce pain during sex. It can be used on the vagina. It penetrates the vagina and its effect lasts for a long time.

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