Which diseases cause hair loss?

Thyroid, chemotherapy, scalp infections like ringworm, diseases like lichen planus which leads to scarring of the scalp, and certain types of lupus disease are some of the medical conditions that can lead to permanent hair loss. Apart from all this, an autoimmune disease called alopecia areata which directly attacks the hair follicles is the main cause of hair loss.

Apart from this, some health conditions are also the cause of hair loss, such as -

• Hair fall after delivery
• Due to a lack of essential nutrients in the body
• Due to birth control pills
• Use of certain drugs

(Read More - What Causes Hair Loss in Women)

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that is the main reason for hair fall. The amount of hair loss in this disease varies from person to person. Some people lose hair only in certain parts. Many have a lot of hair fall. Some people's hair grows back but then falls again.

There are many conditions of hair fall in this autoimmune disease but among them, alopecia areata is mainly the most common. While other conditions occur in very rare cases -

• Alopecia areata totalis means all the hair on the head has fallen.
• Alopecia areata universalis Hair loss all over the body.
• Diffuse alopecia areata Sudden thinning of hair.
• Ophiasis alopecia areata Hair loss in a band around the sides and back of the head.

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Whenever you have hair fall due to Alopecia Areata disease, then hair starts falling first. But apart from this, there are many symptoms of having alopecia areata -

• Formation of small patches on the scalp or other parts of the body.
• Enlargement of scars and/or development of bald spots.
• Hair growing back but falling out from another place.
• Excessive hair fall in a short period.
• Rapid hair falls in cold weather.
• Red, dark colored, and pitted nails of hands and feet.
• The patch area is smooth, there is no rash or redness. But itching, burning, or sensation is felt during hair fall.

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The condition of alopecia areata occurs when white blood cells attack the cells in the hair follicles, causing them to shrink and then slowing down hair production. Doctors have not been able to find out anything concretely about why the body's immune system targets hair follicles in this way.

Although there can be some reasons for alopecia areata such as -

• Change in hormones
• Nutritional deficiencies
• Thyroid problem
• Asthma
• Down syndrome
• Seasonal allergies
• Vitiligo
• Skin disease

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Alopecia areata can be due to many reasons. However, it is believed that the cause of alopecia areata may be genetic. Researchers believe that the cause may be genetic because alopecia areata is more likely to occur in a person who already has a family member with it.

Research has also found that many people with a family history of alopecia areata tend to have other autoimmune disorders, such as atopy disorders that are hypoallergic, autoimmune thyroiditis, and vitiligo. Also happens to the victim or other family members.

(Read More - Hair Fall Reasons in Male)

Alopecia areata is believed to be the main disease behind hair loss. When this problem occurs, hair starts falling rapidly. Along with hair loss, patches start appearing on the head. This problem can be due to hormonal imbalance, thyroid, and asthma. If hair loss has started due to alopecia areata, then it is necessary to get proper treatment done so that this problem can be fixed as soon as possible.

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