Blocked Fallopian Tubes: Diagnosis for Improved Reproductive Health

Following are the symptoms of blockage in fallopian tube –

Usually the only symptom of blockage in the fallopian tubes is difficulty conceiving. In some cases, blockage of the fallopian tubes can cause pelvic and abdominal pain. This pain can be mild, sharp or constant. Pain related to this can also occur during periods.

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The causes of blockage in the fallopian tubes may also have their own symptoms. For example, endometriosis often causes heavy menstrual bleeding, severe abdominal and pelvic pain, and increases your risk of blockage in your fallopian tubes. Blockage of fallopian tubes is one of the main causes of infertility (loss of fertility). Sperm and eggs meet in the fallopian tube for fertilization, blockage in the fallopian tube can cause problems in fertilization.

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Sometimes, due to blockage in the fallopian tube, the fertilized egg gets stuck somewhere else, leading to ectopic pregnancy. If a woman feels that she has the problem of ectopic pregnancy, she should immediately go to the doctor. Ectopic pregnancy usually has no symptoms. However, many women may have pregnancy symptoms, such as pain on one side of the abdomen or vaginal bleeding.

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Following are the reasons for blockage in fallopian tube –

• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

PID is a condition in which the pelvis becomes inflamed due to infection. This is a sexually transmitted disease that can cause blockage in your fallopian tubes.

• STD (Sexually Transmitted Disease)

Other sexually transmitted diseases, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, can also cause blockage in the fallopian tubes. Even after these problems are resolved, they can still cause blockage in your fallopian tubes.

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• Endometriosis

This is the most common cause of blockage in the fallopian tubes. Every month during your menstrual cycle, a lining forms in your uterus which is shed during menstruation. In women with endometriosis, this lining begins to spread outside the uterus (in some severe cases, into the fallopian tubes and vagina). This layer accumulates instead of being removed during menstruation, which can cause blockage in the fallopian tube.

• surgery

If you have had any surgery related to your fallopian tube, you may have the problem of blockage in the fallopian tube. 

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• Appendix (appendicitis)

In some cases, appendix problems can also cause blockage in the fallopian tubes.

• Hormone abnormalities

Due to hormonal disturbances or abnormalities, the problem of blockage in the fallopian tube may arise.

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What Are The Risk Factors For Fallopian Tube Blockage?

• If you have ever had a UTI due to abortion or miscarriage.
• Any previous abdominal surgery.
• If ectopic pregnancy has occurred.
• Have you ever had any surgery related to the fallopian tube before?

The following methods can be used to avoid blockage in the fallopian tube -

• Avoid alcohol consumption and smoking. 
• Try to meditate as it reduces stress. 
• Do yoga because some yoga asanas improve the health of your reproductive organs.
• Reduce consumption of outside food.
• Include fresh fruits, green leafy vegetables and coconut oil in your diet, which contain antioxidants. Citrus fruits, eggs, mango and spinach contain carotenoids which help your enzymes and blood circulation.
• Consume Vitamin C as it helps in reducing inflammation.

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Due to blockage in the fallopian tube, it may be difficult to get pregnant but it is not impossible. Talk to your doctor about your treatment for your problem. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, eating good food and getting regular exercise may prove helpful.

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Diagnosing a blocked fallopian tube can be difficult because the tubes keep opening and closing, making it difficult to tell whether the tube is blocked or closed. The doctor can diagnose blockage in the fallopian tube based on the medical history. For example, if a woman is having trouble conceiving, then blockage in the fallopian tube could be one of the reasons. There are three main tests to diagnose blockage in the fallopian tube -

Hysterosalpingogram or HSG
Hysterosalpingogram is a type of X-ray in which the doctor inserts a dye through a needle into your uterus. This dye is not harmful. It extends to the fallopian tube, allowing the doctor to see its internal parts clearly. If this dye is unable to pass into the fallopian tube, it may be due to a blockage. HSG can be done in your doctor's clinic and should be done in the first half of your menstrual cycle.

Ultrasound
Ultrasound is similar to a hysterosalpingogram but uses sound to create a picture of the fallopian tube.

Laparoscopy
In laparoscopy, the doctor makes a small incision in your body and inserts a small camera that takes pictures of the fallopian tube from inside. Laparoscopy is the most accurate method of diagnosing blockage in the fallopian tube. However, doctors do not recommend it at the time of initial diagnosis because it is an incisional procedure.

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Blockage in the fallopian tube can be treated in the following ways –

• Blockage of one sided fallopian tube is not difficult to treat. If there is blockage in the fallopian tube on one side, there should be no problem conceiving as eggs can also reach the uterus from the other fallopian tube. Some medications are also available to increase the chances of the egg reaching the uterus through an unaffected fallopian tube. 
• If there is blockage in the fallopian tubes on both sides, it is impossible to get pregnant without treatment. If the fallopian tube is partially blocked, you can get pregnant but there may be an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy because the egg does not have enough space to reach the uterus. In these cases, depending on the treatment, the doctor may also advise you to have IVF (test tube baby).

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• If there is blockage in both fallopian tubes, it cannot be treated with medicines. In this case, laparoscopy is the most accurate treatment. Laparoscopy is more likely to be successful in younger women. This surgery either corrects the blockage or removes the tissue that is causing the problem.

Blockage of fallopian tube can have the following complications –

• Blockage in the fallopian tube can make it difficult to get pregnant, but it is not impossible. Fertility can be increased by removing the blockage through laparoscopy. If surgery is not possible and your health is good, you can have a baby through IVF (test tube baby). 
•  Its most common complication is ectopic pregnancy. If there is a partial blockage in the fallopian tube, the egg may be fertilized but may get stuck in the tube, causing ectopic pregnancy, which is an emergency. 
• Surgery that removes part of the fallopian tube also increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Because of these risk factors, doctors recommend IVF (test tube baby) instead of surgery.

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फैलोपियन ट्यूब में रुकावट

	Dr. Archana Nirula
	October 18, 2019